{"id":116215,"date":"2022-08-27T22:12:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-27T19:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=116215"},"modified":"2022-08-27T16:45:02","modified_gmt":"2022-08-27T13:45:02","slug":"megbukott-a-vilag-oceanjait-vedo-megallapodas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=116215&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Megbukott a vil\u00e1g \u00f3ce\u00e1njait v\u00e9d\u0151 meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1s"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"836\" height=\"438\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oceanvedelem.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-116217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oceanvedelem.png 836w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oceanvedelem-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oceanvedelem-768x402.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A vil\u00e1g \u00f3ce\u00e1njai \u00e9s a tengeri \u00e9l\u0151vil\u00e1g v\u00e9delm\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 glob\u00e1lis meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1s elfogad\u00e1s\u00e1ra tett \u00f6t\u00f6dik k\u00eds\u00e9rlet is kudarcot vallott.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ENSZ ny\u00edlt tengeri szerz\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9nek elfogad\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 t\u00e1rgyal\u00e1sok k\u00e9t h\u00e9tig folytak New Yorkban, de a korm\u00e1nyok nem tudtak meg\u00e1llapodni a felt\u00e9telekr\u0151l. Annak ellen\u00e9re, hogy a nemzetk\u00f6zi vizek a vil\u00e1g \u00f3ce\u00e1njainak k\u00f6zel k\u00e9tharmad\u00e1t teszik ki, csup\u00e1n 1,2 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kuk \u00e1ll v\u00e9delem alatt\u2013 \u00edrja a\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-62680423\" target=\"_blank\">BBC<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az \u00f3ce\u00e1nok v\u00e9delm\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 utols\u00f3 nemzetk\u00f6zi meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1st, az ENSZ tengerjogi egyezm\u00e9ny\u00e9t 40 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt, 1982-ben \u00edrt\u00e1k al\u00e1. Ez a meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1s l\u00e9trehozta a ny\u00edlt tenger nev\u0171 ter\u00fcletet \u2013 nemzetk\u00f6zi vizeket, ahol minden orsz\u00e1gnak joga van hal\u00e1szni, haj\u00f3zni \u00e9s kutatni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Az \u00f3ce\u00e1nszennyez\u00e9s vesz\u00e9lyei<\/strong><br>Az elm\u00falt k\u00e9t h\u00e9tben az eredeti szerz\u0151d\u00e9s 168 tagja, k\u00f6zt\u00fck az EU is, \u00f6ssze\u00fclt, hogy megpr\u00f3b\u00e1ljon \u00faj meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1st k\u00f6tni. A vil\u00e1g biol\u00f3giai soksz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9g\u00e9nek \u00e1llapot\u00e1t dokument\u00e1l\u00f3 Nemzetk\u00f6zi Term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delmi Uni\u00f3 (IUCN) ny\u00edlt tengeri tan\u00e1csad\u00f3ja, Kristina Gjerde kifejtette, mi\u00e9rt fontos ez a szerz\u0151d\u00e9s:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Ami a ny\u00edlt tengeren t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, hat\u00e1ssal van a part menti k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9geinkre, a hal\u00e1szatra, a biol\u00f3giai sokf\u00e9les\u00e9gre \u2013 olyan dolgokra, amelyek mindannyiunk sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra fontosak.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A t\u00e1rgyal\u00e1sok n\u00e9gy kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa ter\u00fcletre \u00f6sszpontos\u00edtottak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>v\u00e9dett tengeri ter\u00fcletek l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra,<\/li><li>a k\u00f6rnyezeti hat\u00e1svizsg\u00e1latok jav\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra,<\/li><li>a finansz\u00edroz\u00e1s \u00e9s kapacit\u00e1s\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s biztos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra a fejl\u0151d\u0151 orsz\u00e1gok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, \u00e9s<\/li><li>a tengeri genetikai er\u0151forr\u00e1sok megoszt\u00e1s\u00e1ra, amelyek f\u0151leg az \u00f3ce\u00e1nban \u00e9l\u0151 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek \u00e9s \u00e1llatok biol\u00f3giai anyagait jelentik. Ezek a t\u00e1rsadalom sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra el\u0151ny\u00f6sek lehetnek, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul gy\u00f3gyszerek, ipari elj\u00e1r\u00e1sok \u00e9s \u00e9lelmiszerek el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Korl\u00e1tozn\u00e1k a kereskedelmet \u00e9s a hal\u00e1szatot<\/strong><br>A tal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3t megel\u0151z\u0151en t\u00f6bb mint 70 orsz\u00e1g m\u00e1r meg\u00e1llapodott abban, hogy a vil\u00e1g \u00f3ce\u00e1njainak 30 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k\u00e1t v\u00e9dett ter\u00fcletekk\u00e9 teszik. Ez korl\u00e1tozn\u00e1 a hal\u00e1szat m\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t, a haj\u00f3z\u00e1si \u00fatvonalakat \u00e9s az olyan felt\u00e1r\u00f3 tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9geket, mint a m\u00e9lytengeri b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9lytengeri b\u00e1ny\u00e1szatn\u00e1l a 200 m\u00e9terre vagy ann\u00e1l m\u00e9lyebben fekv\u0151 tengerfen\u00e9kb\u0151l \u00e1sv\u00e1nyi anyagokat termelnek ki. Ezek k\u00f6z\u00e9 az \u00e1sv\u00e1nyi anyagok k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik az elektronik\u00e1ban haszn\u00e1lt kobalt, de az IUCN szerint a folyamat m\u00e9rgez\u0151 lehet a tengeri \u00e9l\u0151vil\u00e1gra n\u00e9zve. Az ilyen tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9geket szab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3 Nemzetk\u00f6zi Tengerfen\u00e9k Hat\u00f3s\u00e1g 2022 m\u00e1rcius\u00e1ig 31-ei szerz\u0151d\u00e9st adott ki a m\u00e9lytengeri \u00e1sv\u00e1nykincsek felt\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az orsz\u00e1gok azonban nem jutottak meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1sra a hal\u00e1szati jogokkal, valamint a fejl\u0151d\u0151 orsz\u00e1gok finansz\u00edroz\u00e1s\u00e1val \u00e9s t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1val kapcsolatos kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa k\u00e9rd\u00e9sekben. Aggodalmak mer\u00fcltek fel, hogy e szerz\u0151d\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl nemcsak a tengeri fajok lesznek v\u00e9dtelenek, hanem egyes fajok kihal\u00e1suk el\u0151tt felfedezetlen\u00fcl maradnak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/index.hu\/kulfold\/2022\/08\/27\/ocean-kornyezetvedelem-egyezmeny-megallapodas\/\">Forr\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A vil\u00e1g \u00f3ce\u00e1njai \u00e9s a tengeri \u00e9l\u0151vil\u00e1g v\u00e9delm\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 glob\u00e1lis meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1s elfogad\u00e1s\u00e1ra tett \u00f6t\u00f6dik k\u00eds\u00e9rlet is kudarcot vallott.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":116217,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,41,49,592,598,39],"tags":[2803,240979,240978],"class_list":["post-116215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-nap-hirei","category-cikkek","category-hirek","category-tarsadalom","category-tudomany","category-vilag","tag-ensz","tag-megallapodas-hianya","tag-vilag-oceanjait-vedo-megallapodas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=116215"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":116218,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116215\/revisions\/116218"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/116217"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=116215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=116215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=116215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}