{"id":116853,"date":"2022-09-02T11:24:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-02T08:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=116853"},"modified":"2022-09-01T21:33:17","modified_gmt":"2022-09-01T18:33:17","slug":"visszafordithatatlan-a-kinai-tarsadalom-eloregedese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=116853&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Visszaford\u00edthatatlan a k\u00ednai t\u00e1rsadalom el\u00f6reged\u00e9se"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

K\u00edn\u00e1ban az \u00faj h\u00e1zass\u00e1gk\u00f6t\u00e9sek sz\u00e1ma tavaly az eddigi legalacsonyabb szintre zuhant, ami a demogr\u00e1fiai trendek v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak jele. A k\u00ednai t\u00e1rsadalom el\u00f6reged\u00e9s\u00e9t nem tudt\u00e1k visszaford\u00edtani: a 2030-as \u00e9vekre a mai munkak\u00e9pes kor\u00fa n\u00e9pess\u00e9g rohamosan cs\u00f6kkenni fog.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

A polg\u00e1ri \u00fcgyek miniszt\u00e9riuma \u00e1ltal nemr\u00e9g k\u00f6zz\u00e9tett adatok szerint 2021-ben mintegy 7,6 milli\u00f3 h\u00e1zass\u00e1got jegyeztek be. Ez a legalacsonyabb sz\u00e1m 1985 \u00f3ta, mi\u00f3ta a h\u00e1zass\u00e1gk\u00f6t\u00e9sekre vonatkoz\u00f3an a Nemzeti Statisztikai Hivatal nyilv\u00e1ntart\u00e1st tesz k\u00f6zz\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A h\u00e1zass\u00e1gk\u00f6t\u00e9si r\u00e1ta \u2013 vagyis az 1000 f\u0151re jut\u00f3 h\u00e1zass\u00e1gk\u00f6t\u00e9sek sz\u00e1ma \u2013 5,4-re esett vissza, ami szint\u00e9n \u00faj m\u00e9lypont, \u00e9s ez az ar\u00e1ny a Bloomberg szerint csaknem a fel\u00e9re cs\u00f6kkent az egy \u00e9vtizeddel ezel\u0151tti ar\u00e1nyhoz k\u00e9pest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A k\u00ednai gazdas\u00e1gra az emberek el\u00f6reged\u00e9se \u00e9s a sz\u00fclet\u00e9sek sz\u00e1m\u00e1nak cs\u00f6kken\u00e9se is nyom\u00e1st gyakorol. A k\u00f6zponti bank egyik tan\u00e1csad\u00f3ja m\u00e1rciusban arra figyelmeztetett, hogy a n\u00e9pess\u00e9g sz\u00e1ma val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg id\u00e9n tet\u0151zik. K\u00f6zel 1 milli\u00e1rd f\u0151s a munkak\u00e9pes kor\u00fa n\u00e9pess\u00e9g, amely az elm\u00falt n\u00e9gy \u00e9vtizedben d\u00f6nt\u0151 szerepet j\u00e1tszott az orsz\u00e1g gazdas\u00e1gi felemelked\u00e9s\u00e9ben, az ENSZ el\u0151rejelz\u00e9sei szerint a 2030-as \u00e9vekben sz\u00e1muk rohamosan cs\u00f6kkenni fog, \u00e9s az \u00e9vsz\u00e1zad v\u00e9g\u00e9re majdnem k\u00e9tharmad\u00e1val zsugorodik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A h\u00e1zass\u00e1gk\u00f6t\u00e9sek cs\u00f6kken\u00e9se a sz\u00fclet\u00e9si r\u00e1ta zuhan\u00e1s\u00e1val egy\u00fctt val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg a fiatalok sz\u00e1m\u00e1nak cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s\u00e9nek tudhat\u00f3 be. Hi\u00e1ba laz\u00edtottak a n\u00e9pess\u00e9gszab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1son, a sz\u00fclet\u00e9ssz\u00e1m cs\u00f6kken\u00e9se r\u00e9szben a k\u00ednai egygyermekes politika eredm\u00e9nye, amely az 1980-as \u00e9vekt\u0151l 2016-ig tartott. A n\u00e9psz\u00e1ml\u00e1l\u00e1si adatok szerint a 20 \u00e9s 50 \u00e9v k\u00f6z\u00f6tti lakosok sz\u00e1ma az egy \u00e9vtizeddel ezel\u0151tti 674 milli\u00f3r\u00f3l 2020-ra 597 milli\u00f3ra cs\u00f6kkent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sokan a vil\u00e1g m\u00e1s r\u00e9szein tapasztalhat\u00f3 tendenci\u00e1kkal \u00f6sszhangban a h\u00e1zass\u00e1gk\u00f6t\u00e9si \u00e9s gyermekv\u00e1llal\u00e1si terveket is elhalasztj\u00e1k, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az\u00e9rt, mert a gyermeknevel\u00e9s k\u00f6lts\u00e9gei emelkednek, \u00e9s a vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1ny tov\u00e1bbra is bizonytalans\u00e1got okoz. Jiangsu tartom\u00e1nyban p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az els\u0151 h\u00e1zass\u00e1got k\u00f6t\u0151 n\u0151k \u00e1tlag\u00e9letkora a 2010-es 23,8 \u00e9vr\u0151l 2020-ra k\u00f6zel 30 \u00e9vre ugrott.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(portfolio.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u00edn\u00e1ban az \u00faj h\u00e1zass\u00e1gk\u00f6t\u00e9sek sz\u00e1ma tavaly az eddigi legalacsonyabb szintre zuhant, ami a demogr\u00e1fiai trendek v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak jele. A k\u00ednai t\u00e1rsadalom el\u00f6reged\u00e9s\u00e9t nem tudt\u00e1k visszaford\u00edtani: a 2030-as \u00e9vekre a mai munkak\u00e9pes kor\u00fa n\u00e9pess\u00e9g rohamosan cs\u00f6kkenni fog.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":116854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,49,592,39],"tags":[75180,1127,29794,10324],"class_list":["post-116853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-hirek","category-tarsadalom","category-vilag","tag-eloregedes","tag-kina","tag-nepesseg","tag-tarsadalom"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116853","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=116853"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116853\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":116855,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116853\/revisions\/116855"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/116854"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=116853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=116853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=116853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}