{"id":130533,"date":"2022-12-19T22:35:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-19T20:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=130533"},"modified":"2022-12-19T20:27:05","modified_gmt":"2022-12-19T18:27:05","slug":"fel-evszazada-tert-vissza-az-utolso-urhajo-a-holdrol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=130533&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"F\u00e9l \u00e9vsz\u00e1zada t\u00e9rt vissza az utols\u00f3 \u0171rhaj\u00f3 a Holdr\u00f3l"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Azut\u00e1n, hogy otthagyt\u00e1k az utols\u00f3 l\u00e1bnyomokat a Hold felsz\u00edn\u00e9n, 1972. december 19-\u00e9n csobbant a Csendes-\u00d3ce\u00e1nban, Amerikai Szamoa k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben az Apollo\u201317 landol\u00e1st v\u00e9grehajt\u00f3 m\u0171szaki egys\u00e9ge, sikeresen teljes\u00edtve a NASA \u00e1ltal \u201eaz utols\u00f3, leghosszabb \u00e9s legsikeresebb\u201d, misszi\u00f3k\u00e9nt jellemzett, \u201eemberes\u201d holdra sz\u00e1ll\u00e1st. A t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi Magyarorsz\u00e1g ter\u00fclet\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00e1rmazott az \u0171rhaj\u00f3 parancsnoka, melyet a Hold l\u00e9gk\u00f6r\u00e9be egy n\u00e9met m\u00e9rn\u00f6k \u00e1ltal tervezett rak\u00e9ta juttatott el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"849\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/eugene-cernan-at-the-lm-apollo-17-1024x849.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-130543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/eugene-cernan-at-the-lm-apollo-17-1024x849.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/eugene-cernan-at-the-lm-apollo-17-300x249.jpg 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/eugene-cernan-at-the-lm-apollo-17-768x637.jpg 768w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/eugene-cernan-at-the-lm-apollo-17-1536x1273.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/eugene-cernan-at-the-lm-apollo-17-2048x1698.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Forr\u00e1s: Wikip\u00e9dia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e\u2026 A felsz\u00ednen vagyok; \u00e9s ahogy megteszem itt az ember utols\u00f3 l\u00e9p\u00e9s\u00e9t, [\u2026] ahogy elhagyjuk a Holdat Taurus-Littrow-n\u00e1l, \u00fagy t\u00e1vozunk, ahogy j\u00f6tt\u00fcnk: Isten akarat\u00e1b\u00f3l. \u00c9s \u00fagy is fogunk visszat\u00e9rni: b\u00e9k\u00e9vel \u00e9s rem\u00e9nys\u00e9ggel az eg\u00e9sz emberis\u00e9g sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Isten \u00e9ltesse az Apollo\u201317 leg\u00e9nys\u00e9g\u00e9t!\u201d \u2013 ezekkel a szavakkal b\u00facs\u00fazott a F\u00f6ld k\u00eds\u00e9r\u0151j\u00e9t\u0151l Eugene Cernan, a visszaindul\u00f3 \u0171rhaj\u00f3 parancsnoka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"From the archives: NASA launches Apollo 17, its final moon landing mission\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"66881b23bf471\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tAECdMcIyhQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"66881b23bf471\");<\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"From the archives: NASA launches Apollo 17, its final moon landing mission\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"6a22e793369a0\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tAECdMcIyhQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"6a22e793369a0\");<\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"From the archives: NASA launches Apollo 17, its final moon landing mission\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"66881b23bf471\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tAECdMcIyhQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"66881b23bf471\");<\/script><noscript><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"From the archives: NASA launches Apollo 17, its final moon landing mission\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tAECdMcIyhQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript><\/noscript>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fot\u00f3s a Holdon<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az apai \u00e1gon szlov\u00e1k (Cernan \u00e9desapja a Trencs\u00e9n v\u00e1rmegyei\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hegyeshely\" target=\"_blank\">Hegyeshelyr\u0151l<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e1ndorolt ki az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokba, ahol b\u00e1ny\u00e1sznak \u00e1llt), anyai \u00e1gon cseh sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s\u00fa \u0171rhaj\u00f3s \u00e9s csapata egy minden tekintetben rendhagy\u00f3 \u00e9s sikeresen teljes\u00edtett k\u00fcldet\u00e9ssel z\u00e1rta le az\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apollo-program\" target=\"_blank\">Apollo-programot.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/k-epa20170116206-674x1024-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-130540\" width=\"767\" height=\"1165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/k-epa20170116206-674x1024-1.jpg 674w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/k-epa20170116206-674x1024-1-197x300.jpg 197w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 100vw, 767px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">2017. janu\u00e1r 16-\u00e1n k\u00f6zreadott, 2016. febru\u00e1r 8-\u00e1n Los Angelesben k\u00e9sz\u00edtett k\u00e9p Eugene Cernan amerikai \u0171rhaj\u00f3sr\u00f3l. (MTI\/EPA\/Nina Prommer)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az Apollo\u201317 volt a program tizenegyedik rep\u00fcl\u00e9se emberekkel az \u0171rhaj\u00f3 fed\u00e9lzet\u00e9n, egyben a hatodik \u2013 \u00e9s utols\u00f3 \u2013 olyan, amely lesz\u00e1llt a Holdon. Ez a k\u00fcldet\u00e9s sz\u00e1mos rekordot mondhat mag\u00e1\u00e9nak: a 22 \u00f3ra 3 perc 57 m\u00e1sodperces holdfelsz\u00ednen t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt id\u0151, a 35,7 kilom\u00e9teres, holdj\u00e1r\u00f3val megtett t\u00e1vols\u00e1g \u00e9s 110,52 kilogrammnyi \u00f6sszegy\u0171jt\u00f6tt holdk\u0151zet-minta egyar\u00e1nt cs\u00facsteljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny az \u00f6sszes Apollo-rep\u00fcl\u00e9s mez\u0151ny\u00e9ben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20454.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-130542\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20454.jpg 800w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20454-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20454-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20454-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Kit\u0171n\u0151 dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3val \u00e9rkeztek vissza az asztronaut\u00e1k. (Forr\u00e1s: Wikip\u00e9dia)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ez volt az els\u0151 \u00e9jjel ind\u00edtott Apollo-rak\u00e9tamisszi\u00f3. Az \u00e9jszakai start rendk\u00edv\u00fcli l\u00e1tv\u00e1nyoss\u00e1got tartogatott a k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 500 000 helysz\u00edni n\u00e9z\u0151nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00daj elemnek sz\u00e1m\u00edtott az is, hogy a leg\u00e9nys\u00e9g egyik tagja geol\u00f3gus volt: addig csak berep\u00fcl\u0151pil\u00f3t\u00e1k, katon\u00e1k vettek r\u00e9szt a k\u00fcldet\u00e9sekben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20489-21492044920.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-130536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20489-21492044920.jpg 800w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20489-21492044920-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20489-21492044920-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/as17-134-20489-21492044920-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A moibil gravim\u00e9ter. (Forr\u00e1s: Wikip\u00e9dia)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tudom\u00e1nyos m\u00e9r\u0151m\u0171szereket tekintve az Apollo\u201317 volt a leggazdagabban felszerelt rep\u00fcl\u00e9s. Az \u0171rhaj\u00f3sok ott tart\u00f3zkod\u00e1sa alatt olyan m\u00e9r\u0151 m\u0171szereket haszn\u00e1ltak fel, mint a mobil gravim\u00e9ter, amely a helyi, holdb\u00e9li neh\u00e9zs\u00e9gi gyorsul\u00e1st, gravit\u00e1ci\u00f3t m\u00e9rte. Harrison Schmitt geol\u00f3gus, holdkomppil\u00f3ta m\u00e9g panor\u00e1mafot\u00f3t is k\u00e9sz\u00edtett egy holdkr\u00e1ter sz\u00e9l\u00e9r\u0151l. Fot\u00f3anyag\u00e1t tekintve is ez volt a legjobban dokument\u00e1lt \u0171rrep\u00fcl\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Az oroszok vitt\u00e9k a felszerel\u00e9st, az amerikaiak von Braunt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ahhoz, hogy az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok \u2013 legy\u0151zve ezzel a hosszas \u201e\u0171rversenyben \u201d a Szovjetuni\u00f3t, emberrel a fed\u00e9lzet\u00e9n v\u00e9grehajtott holdra sz\u00e1ll\u00e1st, elengedhetetlen volt Werhner von Braun n\u00e9met tud\u00f3s, a rak\u00e9tatudom\u00e1ny kiemelked\u0151 alakj\u00e1nak szervez\u0151, ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00f3 munk\u00e1ja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A b\u00e1r\u00f3i csal\u00e1d\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 von Braun, a Harmadik Birodalom katonai c\u00e9l\u00fa rak\u00e9taprogramj\u00e1nak egykori vezet\u0151je tagja volt a nemzeti szocialista p\u00e1rtnak, az NSDAP-nak, a hadseregben pedig az SS k\u00f6tel\u00e9k\u00e9ben volt Sturmbannf\u00fchrer (\u0151rnagy). A kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 tehets\u00e9g\u0171 tud\u00f3s, akit fiatal kor\u00e1t\u00f3l foglalkoztatott az emberrel v\u00e9grehajtott \u0171rutaz\u00e1s, j\u00f3val kev\u00e9ss\u00e9 b\u00e9k\u00e9s c\u00e9lokra volt k\u00e9nytelen felhaszn\u00e1lni tud\u00e1s\u00e1t. Mivel a hitleri nemzeti szocialista rezsim katonai monop\u00f3liumm\u00e1 tette a rak\u00e9tafejleszt\u00e9st, Braunnak is csak a hadiipar adhatott lehet\u0151s\u00e9get.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wernher-von-braun-e1671451907882.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-130537\" width=\"836\" height=\"469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wernher-von-braun-e1671451907882.jpg 701w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wernher-von-braun-e1671451907882-300x168.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (Wirsitz, N\u00e9met Birodalom, 1912. m\u00e1rcius 23. \u2013 Alexandria, Virginia, USA, 1977. j\u00fanius 16.) (Forr\u00e1s: Wikip\u00e9dia)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A tud\u00f3s 1934\u20131944 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt kifejlesztette az Aggregat rak\u00e9tasorozatokat, melyekb\u0151l az A\u20134 v\u00e1lt sz\u00e9ria\u00e9rett\u00e9. Ennek nev\u00e9t Hitler V\u20132-re (Vergeltungswaffe\u20132 \u2013 Megtorl\u00f3fegyver 2) v\u00e1ltoztatta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A n\u00e9met fejleszt\u00e9sek f\u0151 helysz\u00edne Peenem\u00fcnde volt. A fegyverrel f\u0151k\u00e9nt Londont \u00e9s Antwerpen kik\u00f6t\u0151j\u00e9t t\u00e1madt\u00e1k t\u00f6bb ezer ember hal\u00e1l\u00e1t okozva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A nemzeti szocialista N\u00e9metorsz\u00e1g 1945. m\u00e1jusi kapitul\u00e1ci\u00f3ja ut\u00e1n Moszkva \u00e9s Washington \u201emegosztozott\u201d a V\u00f6r\u00f6s Hadsereg \u00e1ltal megsz\u00e1llt ter\u00fcleten fekv\u0151 \u2013 peenem\u00fcndei k\u00eds\u00e9rleti telep \u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9g\u00e9n: az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok h\u00edrszerz\u00e9se a Gemkapocs-hadm\u0171velet sor\u00e1n az USA-ba hurcolt mintegy 1500 tud\u00f3st \u00e9s m\u00e9rn\u00f6k\u00f6t,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">k\u00f6zt\u00fck Walter Dornbergert, a V\u20132 rak\u00e9taprogram vezet\u0151j\u00e9t \u00e9s von Braunt. A szovjetek pedig \u2013 szok\u00e1saik szerint \u2013 val\u00f3s\u00e1ggal kifosztott\u00e1k a telepet, elsz\u00e1ll\u00edtva onnan a fegyvereket \u00e9s a k\u00eds\u00e9rleti telep teljes felszerel\u00e9s\u00e9t, a sz\u00e1mukra fontosnak tekintett tervrajzokkal, iratanyagokkal egy\u00fctt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelem legnagyobb rak\u00e9t\u00e1i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az amerikaiak j\u00e1rtak jobban: az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokban megbecs\u00fcl\u00e9snek \u00f6rvend\u0151, az amerikai hadsereg\u00e9ben komoly karriert befut\u00f3, s m\u00e1r az 1950-es \u00e9vekben is a holdra sz\u00e1ll\u00e1s lehet\u0151s\u00e9geir\u0151l cikkez\u0151 von Braun ir\u00e1ny\u00edtotta menedzserk\u00e9nt 1961-67 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a Saturn-V rak\u00e9t\u00e1k kifejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9t, t\u00f6bb ezer ember munk\u00e1j\u00e1t \u00e1tl\u00e1tva \u00e9s fel\u00fcgyelve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Inside NASA: The Saturn V Rocket Story | Space Race Documentary | Timeline\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"66881b23dc24d\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EbmqSZ6f8ks?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"66881b23dc24d\");<\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"Inside NASA: The Saturn V Rocket Story | Space Race Documentary | Timeline\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"6a22e79336b85\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EbmqSZ6f8ks?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"6a22e79336b85\");<\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"Inside NASA: The Saturn V Rocket Story | Space Race Documentary | Timeline\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"66881b23dc24d\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EbmqSZ6f8ks?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"66881b23dc24d\");<\/script><noscript><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Inside NASA: The Saturn V Rocket Story | Space Race Documentary | Timeline\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EbmqSZ6f8ks?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript><\/noscript>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A mai napig ez a 110 m\u00e9ter magas hordoz\u00f3eszk\u00f6z sz\u00e1m\u00edt a valaha is \u2013 sorozatban \u2013 gy\u00e1rtott \u00e9s szolg\u00e1latba \u00e1ll\u00edtott, legnagyobb \u00e9s leger\u0151sebb rak\u00e9t\u00e1nak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A rak\u00e9ta t\u00f6bbf\u00e9le technol\u00f3gia \u00f6tv\u00f6zetek\u00e9nt j\u00f6tt l\u00e9tre, a sz\u00e1mos technol\u00f3giai \u00e1tt\u00f6r\u00e9st jelent\u0151 konstrukci\u00f3 vezet\u0151 tervez\u0151je von Braun volt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A John F. Kennedy \u00e1ltal \u00fatj\u00e1ra ind\u00edtott Apollo-program misszi\u00f3i sor\u00e1n ezek az \u00f3ri\u00e1srak\u00e9t\u00e1k juttatt\u00e1k el a program \u0171rhaj\u00f3it a Hold t\u00e9rs\u00e9g\u00e9be. Szint\u00e9n a von Braun csapata \u00e1ltal tervezett rak\u00e9ta seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel \u00e1ll\u00edtotta F\u00f6ld k\u00f6r\u00fcli p\u00e1ly\u00e1ra az amerikai Skylab \u0171r\u00e1llom\u00e1st.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toj\u00e1ssal dob\u00e1lt\u00e1k az \u0171rhaj\u00f3st a \u201ehalad\u00f3k\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e1r az Apollo 17 \u00fatja idej\u00e9n is ismert volt, hogy az elk\u00f6vetkez\u0151 \u00e9vekben nem lesz t\u00f6bb, szem\u00e9lyzettel v\u00e9grehajtott holdra sz\u00e1ll\u00e1s \u2013 erre utaltak Cernan fent id\u00e9zett szavai is. B\u00e1r az Apollo\u201311 leg\u00e9nys\u00e9ge a visszat\u00e9r\u00e9s ut\u00e1ni els\u0151 sajt\u00f3t\u00e1j\u00e9koztat\u00f3j\u00e1n m\u00e1r a Mars megh\u00f3d\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t boncolgatta, a NASA v\u00e9g\u00fcl az \u0171rprogram utols\u00f3 h\u00e1rom tervezett misszi\u00f3j\u00e1t is t\u00f6r\u00f6lte. Becsl\u00e9sek szerint \u00f6sszesen 400 ezer tud\u00f3s, m\u00e9rn\u00f6k \u00e9s szakember dolgozott a programon, ami 24 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rba ker\u00fclt (ez a doll\u00e1r mai \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9n sz\u00e1molva megk\u00f6zel\u00edti a 100 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rt).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"803\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/800px-apollo-17-rover-at-final-resting-site.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-130539\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/800px-apollo-17-rover-at-final-resting-site.jpg 800w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/800px-apollo-17-rover-at-final-resting-site-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/800px-apollo-17-rover-at-final-resting-site-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/800px-apollo-17-rover-at-final-resting-site-768x771.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">V\u00e9gs\u0151 parkol\u00f3hely\u00e9n a holdj\u00e1r\u00f3. (Forr\u00e1s: Wikip\u00e9dia)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A holdra sz\u00e1ll\u00e1s hatalmas k\u00f6lts\u00e9ge term\u00e9keny t\u00e1ptalajnak bizonyult a misszi\u00f3k ellenz\u0151i sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. \u00cdgy p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul Edwin Euene Aldrint, az 1969-ben m\u00e1sodik emberk\u00e9nt a Holda l\u00e9p\u0151 \u0171rhaj\u00f3st orsz\u00e1gj\u00e1r\u00f3 k\u00f6r\u00fatja sor\u00e1n toj\u00e1sokkal \u00e9s paradicsommal is megdob\u00e1lt\u00e1k, amikor 1969-ben a vietn\u00e1mi h\u00e1bor\u00fa miatt t\u00fcntet\u0151 di\u00e1kok k\u00f6z\u00e9 mer\u00e9szkedett.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eAhelyett, hogy b\u00fcszk\u00e9k lenn\u00e9nek, ut\u00e1lkozva gondolnak r\u00e1nk, mert elherd\u00e1ltunk egy csom\u00f3 p\u00e9nzt, mik\u00f6zben h\u00e1bor\u00fa \u00e9s \u00e9h\u00edns\u00e9g s\u00fajtotta a f\u00f6ldet\u201d \u2013 eml\u00e9kezett vissza Aldrin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1972-ben visszat\u00e9rt az utols\u00f3 \u0171rhaj\u00f3 a Holdr\u00f3l, 1977-ben, az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok-beli Virgini\u00e1ban pedig elhunyt Von Braun. Az\u00f3ta csak tervezgetik \u2013 id\u0151nk\u00e9nt \u2013 amerikai, s\u0151t n\u00e9ha k\u00ednai r\u00e9szr\u0151l az \u00fajabb holdra sz\u00e1ll\u00e1st, \u00e1m erre semmif\u00e9le komolyabb el\u0151k\u00e9sz\u00fclet nem t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt, imm\u00e1r f\u00e9l \u00e9vsz\u00e1zada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\">(Udvardy Zolt\u00e1n\/<a href=\"https:\/\/hirado.hu\/kulfold\/cikk\/2022\/12\/19\/otven-eve-tert-vissza-az-utolso-urhajo-a-holdrol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hirado.hu<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1972. december 19-\u00e9n csobbant a Csendes-\u00d3ce\u00e1nban, Amerikai Szamoa k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben az Apollo\u201317 landol\u00e1st v\u00e9grehajt\u00f3 m\u0171szaki egys\u00e9ge, sikeresen teljes\u00edtve a NASA \u00e1ltal \u201eaz utols\u00f3, leghosszabb \u00e9s legsikeresebb\u201d, misszi\u00f3k\u00e9nt jellemzett, \u201eemberes\u201d holdra sz\u00e1ll\u00e1st. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":130543,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,41,596,49,598,39],"tags":[38294,2185,2184],"class_list":["post-130533","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-nap-hirei","category-cikkek","category-erdekes","category-hirek","category-tudomany","category-vilag","tag-holdra-szallas","tag-nasa","tag-urkutatas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130533","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=130533"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130533\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":130544,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130533\/revisions\/130544"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/130543"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=130533"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=130533"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=130533"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}