{"id":188584,"date":"2024-05-29T21:17:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-29T18:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=188584"},"modified":"2024-05-28T16:24:50","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T13:24:50","slug":"az-elektromos-autok-uraljak-a-vilagot-ukrajna-sem-kivetel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=188584&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Az elektromos aut\u00f3k uralj\u00e1k a vil\u00e1got \u2013 Ukrajna sem kiv\u00e9tel"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az elektromos aut\u00f3k \u00e9rt\u00e9kes\u00edt\u00e9se Ukrajn\u00e1ban jelent\u0151s n\u00f6veked\u00e9st mutat, l\u00e9p\u00e9st tartva a glob\u00e1lis trendekkel. Az Ukravtoprom egyes\u00fclet adatai szerint 2023-ban t\u00f6bb mint 37 000 BEV-et (Battery Electric Vehicles) adtak el Ukrajn\u00e1ban, ami csaknem h\u00e1romszorosa a tavalyel\u0151tti elad\u00e1soknak. Az elektromos aut\u00f3k ir\u00e1nti kereslet minden h\u00f3napban n\u0151: csak tavaly decemberben 4600 aut\u00f3t adtak el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"404\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/prodazhi-elektromobiliv-v-ukrajini-prodemonstruvali-strimke-zrostannja.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-188456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/prodazhi-elektromobiliv-v-ukrajini-prodemonstruvali-strimke-zrostannja.jpg 800w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/prodazhi-elektromobiliv-v-ukrajini-prodemonstruvali-strimke-zrostannja-300x152.jpg 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/prodazhi-elektromobiliv-v-ukrajini-prodemonstruvali-strimke-zrostannja-768x388.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ukr\u00e1nokat m\u00e1r j\u00f3val azel\u0151tt \u00e9rdekelt\u00e9k az elektromos aut\u00f3k, hogy glob\u00e1lis trendd\u00e9 v\u00e1ltak volna. Az els\u0151 elektromos aut\u00f3k az 1910-es \u00e9vekben jelentek meg Ukrajna ter\u00fclet\u00e9n. 1935-ben egy kijevi m\u00e9rn\u00f6k megalkotta az els\u0151 villanymotoros ukr\u00e1n aut\u00f3t. Ennek a modellnek a tesztjei meglehet\u0151sen sikeresek voltak, de az ukr\u00e1n SSR Holovdortrans nem hagyta j\u00f3v\u00e1 tov\u00e1bbi k\u00eds\u00e9rletekre vagy sorozatgy\u00e1rt\u00e1sra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mik az elektromos aut\u00f3k el\u0151nyei \u00e9s h\u00e1tr\u00e1nyai?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ukr\u00e1n v\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00f3k nagyra \u00e9rt\u00e9kelik az elektromos aut\u00f3k szervizel\u00e9s\u00e9nek progreszivit\u00e1s\u00e1t, k\u00f6rnyezetbar\u00e1ts\u00e1g\u00e1t \u00e9s k\u00f6lts\u00e9ghat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1t. Az elektromos j\u00e1rm\u0171vek elleni k\u00fczdelem egyik t\u00e9nyez\u0151je az \u00faj \u00e9s ismeretlent\u0151l val\u00f3 f\u00e9lelem a t\u00f6lt\u00e9ssel kapcsolatban, att\u00f3l val\u00f3 f\u00e9lelem, hogy az el\u00e9gtelen t\u00f6lt\u00e9sszint miatt meg\u00e1llhatnak az \u00fat k\u00f6zep\u00e9n, vagy a a karbantart\u00e1si neh\u00e9zs\u00e9gek miatt tekintenek r\u00e1juk f\u00e9l\u0151n. A f\u00e9lelmek t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge azonban m\u00edtosz: a legk\u00f6zelebbi t\u00f6lt\u0151\u00e1llom\u00e1sok minden specifik\u00e1ci\u00f3val k\u00f6nnyen megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k az online t\u00e9rk\u00e9peken (m\u00e9g a Google Maps-en is), az \u00fat k\u00f6zep\u00e9n t\u00f6lt\u00e9shi\u00e1ny miatt meg\u00e1llni \u00e9ppolyan val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171, mint benzinhi\u00e1ny miatt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az \u00fczemanyag\u00e1rak folyamatos emelked\u00e9se mellett fel sem mer\u00fcl az elektromos aut\u00f3k \u00fczemeltet\u00e9s\u00e9nek k\u00f6lts\u00e9ghat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1nak k\u00e9rd\u00e9se. M\u00e9g azokban az orsz\u00e1gokban is, ahol magas az \u00e1ramk\u00f6lts\u00e9g, az elektromos j\u00e1rm\u0171vek \u00e9ves t\u00f6lt\u00e9si k\u00f6lts\u00e9gei jelent\u0151sen alacsonyabbak, mint az \u00fczemanyagk\u00f6lts\u00e9gek. Ukrajn\u00e1ban tal\u00e1lhatnak ingyenes t\u00f6lt\u0151\u00e1llom\u00e1sokat, v\u00e1laszthatnak egyet a fizet\u0151s benzinkutak k\u00f6z\u00fcl, kedvez\u0151 d\u00edjakkal, vagy ak\u00e1r az otthoni h\u00e1l\u00f3zatr\u00f3l is t\u00f6lthetik aut\u00f3jukat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az elektromos j\u00e1rm\u0171vek jav\u00edtj\u00e1k a leveg\u0151 min\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t \u00e9s cs\u00f6kkentik a glob\u00e1lis felmeleged\u00e9st.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az akkumul\u00e1torok gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s\u00e1nak \u00e9s \u00e1rtalmatlan\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak \u00faj technol\u00f3gi\u00e1i gyorsan fejl\u0151dnek, ez\u00e1ltal hat\u00e9konyabbak \u00e9s k\u00f6rnyezetbar\u00e1tabbak. Az elektromos j\u00e1rm\u0171vek sz\u00e1m\u00e1nak n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9vel a t\u00f6lt\u0151\u00e1llom\u00e1sok sz\u00e1ma is n\u00f6vekszik, ami megk\u00f6nny\u00edti az elektromos k\u00f6zleked\u00e9st.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hype-ru-electric-c-p3zqjnlf0aaf1ktyz5wzl-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-188455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hype-ru-electric-c-p3zqjnlf0aaf1ktyz5wzl-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hype-ru-electric-c-p3zqjnlf0aaf1ktyz5wzl-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hype-ru-electric-c-p3zqjnlf0aaf1ktyz5wzl-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hype-ru-electric-c-p3zqjnlf0aaf1ktyz5wzl-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hype-ru-electric-c-p3zqjnlf0aaf1ktyz5wzl.jpeg 1752w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Az akkumul\u00e1torhi\u00e1ny probl\u00e9m\u00e1ja<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A f\u0151 feladat most az aut\u00f3gy\u00e1rt\u00f3k piac\u00e1nak ig\u00e9nyeinek kiel\u00e9g\u00edt\u00e9se az elektromos aut\u00f3k akkumul\u00e1torainak gy\u00e1rt\u00e1sa ter\u00e9n, mert ezek ir\u00e1nt rohamosan n\u0151 a kereslet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A manaps\u00e1g legelterjedtebb akkumul\u00e1torok el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz l\u00edtiumra, kobaltra \u00e9s nikkelre van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g. A Nemzetk\u00f6zi Energia \u00dcgyn\u00f6ks\u00e9g szerint 2022-ben a l\u00edtium ir\u00e1nti kereslet 60%-\u00e1t, a kobalt 30%-\u00e1t \u00e9s a nikkel ir\u00e1nti kereslet 10%-\u00e1t az elektromos aut\u00f3k akkumul\u00e1torainak gy\u00e1rt\u00f3i tett\u00e9k ki. Ez aggodalomra ad okot ezen er\u0151forr\u00e1sok kitermel\u00e9s\u00e9nek bonyolult \u00e9s k\u00f6rnyezetre vesz\u00e9lyes folyamata, magas k\u00f6lts\u00e9ge \u00e9s egy\u00e9b t\u00e9nyez\u0151k miatt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az orsz\u00e1gok akt\u00edvan keresik az alternat\u00edv megold\u00e1sokat. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul K\u00edn\u00e1ban akt\u00edvan gy\u00e1rtanak l\u00edtium-vas-foszf\u00e1t akkumul\u00e1torokat, amelyek nem tartalmaznak dr\u00e1ga \u00e9s probl\u00e9m\u00e1s kobaltot \u00e9s nikkelt, de m\u00e9g mindig l\u00edtiumot haszn\u00e1lnak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>K\u00f6rnyezeti haszon<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6kol\u00f3giai szempontb\u00f3l az elektromos aut\u00f3knak nagy kil\u00e1t\u00e1sai vannak. A k\u00f6z\u00fati k\u00f6zleked\u00e9s tov\u00e1bbra is a l\u00e9gk\u00f6rbe ker\u00fcl\u0151 k\u00e1ros kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1sok hatod\u00e1t tette ki. Az elektromos aut\u00f3k nem termelnek kipufog\u00f3g\u00e1zt, ez a f\u0151 el\u0151ny\u00fck. Ha a dolgok t\u00f6k\u00e9letesen mennek, m\u00e1s kezdem\u00e9nyez\u00e9sekkel egy\u00fctt teljesen megoldhatj\u00e1k a sz\u00e9n-dioxid-kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1s probl\u00e9m\u00e1j\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A vil\u00e1got egyre jobban uralj\u00e1k az elektromos aut\u00f3k<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A statisztik\u00e1k egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171en mutatj\u00e1k az elektromos aut\u00f3k n\u00f6vekv\u0151 n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00e9g\u00e9t. Az elad\u00e1sok nemcsak sz\u00e1mtanilag, hanem geometriailag is n\u0151nek. 2020-ban a vil\u00e1gon minden 20. eladott aut\u00f3 elektromos volt. F\u00f6ldrajzilag az elektromos aut\u00f3k n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00e9g\u00e9t tekintve az els\u0151 helyen jelenleg K\u00edna \u00e1ll, amely a glob\u00e1lis elad\u00e1sok 60%-\u00e1t adja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>VV\/Okszana Csopak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;!&#8211; translatorid:vik3255 &#8211;&gt;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Az elektromos aut\u00f3k \u00e9rt\u00e9kes\u00edt\u00e9se Ukrajn\u00e1ban jelent\u0151s n\u00f6veked\u00e9st mutat, l\u00e9p\u00e9st tartva a glob\u00e1lis trendekkel. Az Ukravtoprom egyes\u00fclet adatai szerint 2023-ban t\u00f6bb mint 37 000 BEV-et (Battery Electric Vehicles) adtak el Ukrajn\u00e1ban, ami csaknem h\u00e1romszorosa a tavalyel\u0151tti elad\u00e1soknak. Az elektromos aut\u00f3k ir\u00e1nti kereslet minden h\u00f3napban n\u0151: csak tavaly decemberben 4600 aut\u00f3t adtak el.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":188456,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,49,39],"tags":[1175],"class_list":["post-188584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-hirek","category-vilag","tag-elektromos-autok"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=188584"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":188587,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188584\/revisions\/188587"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/188456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=188584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=188584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=188584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}