{"id":217736,"date":"2024-10-09T17:07:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-09T14:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=217736"},"modified":"2024-10-09T15:52:48","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T12:52:48","slug":"feherjeket-megfejto-programok-kaptak-a-kemiai-nobel-dijat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=217736&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Feh\u00e9rj\u00e9ket megfejt\u0151 programok kapt\u00e1k a k\u00e9miai Nobel-d\u00edjat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A feh\u00e9rj\u00e9k aminosavakb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 v\u00e9gtelen\u00fcl bonyolult szerkezet\u00e9t kibogoz\u00f3 \u00e9s \u00faj feh\u00e9rj\u00e9ket tervez\u0151 mesters\u00e9ges intelligencia kapta a rangos tudom\u00e1nyos kit\u00fcntet\u00e9st id\u00e9n.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Sv\u00e9d Kir\u00e1lyi Akad\u00e9mia szerda d\u00e9lel\u0151tti bejelent\u00e9se szerint 2024-ben David Baker, Denis Hassabis \u00e9s John M. Jumper kapja a k\u00e9miai Nobel-d\u00edjat a feh\u00e9rj\u00e9k szerkezet\u00e9nek megfejt\u00e9s\u00e9\u00e9rt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">David Baker amerikai biok\u00e9mikus \u00e9s bioinformatikus. A feh\u00e9rj\u00e9k szerkezet\u00e9t megj\u00f3sol\u00f3 Rosetta algoritmus mellett az \u0151 vezet\u00e9s\u00e9vel fejlesztett\u00e9k a Foldit biok\u00e9miai j\u00e1t\u00e9kot. Tucatnyi, az\u00f3ta a nagyobb gy\u00f3gyszert\u00e1rak tulajdon\u00e1t k\u00e9pez\u0151 biok\u00e9miai v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s alap\u00edt\u00f3ja. N\u0151s, k\u00e9t gyermek apja. Vas\u00e1rnap \u00fcnnepelte 62. sz\u00fclet\u00e9snapj\u00e1t. Baker kor\u00e1bban nem l\u00e9tezett, mesters\u00e9ges feh\u00e9rj\u00e9k el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1\u00e9rt kapja a Nobelt.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"577\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/kemia-nobel-dij-1024x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-217737\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/kemia-nobel-dij-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/kemia-nobel-dij-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/kemia-nobel-dij-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/kemia-nobel-dij.jpg 1108w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">John Jumper az Alphabet mesters\u00e9gesintelligencia-c\u00e9ge, a DeepMind igazgat\u00f3ja, Demis Hassabis pedig az \u00fcgyvezet\u0151je. Jumper \u00e9s Hassabis ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val hozta l\u00e9tre c\u00e9g\u00fck az AlphaFold mesters\u00e9ges intelligenci\u00e1t, amely nagyon pontosan k\u00e9pes megj\u00f3solni \u00e9s modellezni afeh\u00e9rj\u00e9k fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t (k\u00f6zben arra is id\u0151t szak\u00edtottak, hogy az AlphaG\u00f3val legy\u0151zz\u00e9k az aktu\u00e1lis Go-vil\u00e1gbajnokot).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A feh\u00e9rj\u00e9k aminosavak hossz\u00fa l\u00e1ncolat\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 \u00f3ri\u00e1si molekul\u00e1k, amelyek k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00e9rbeli szerkezetet felv\u00e9ve k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges k\u00e9miai m\u0171veleteket tudnak v\u00e9grehajtani, a sejtek \u00e9s szervezet m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9nek alapjai. A m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l d\u00f6nt\u0151 szerkezet\u00fcket azonban eddig elk\u00e9pzelhetelen\u00fcl neh\u00e9z feladat volt megfejteni. Ha \u00fagy tetszik, az AlphaFold megoldotta a biok\u00e9mia gordiuszi csom\u00f3j\u00e1t, \u00e9s nem csup\u00e1n az \u00e9let m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9nek, de a j\u00f6v\u0151 gy\u00f3gyszereinek egyik alapja lehet. J\u00f3 p\u00e9lda erre, hogy a koronav\u00edrus-vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1ny idej\u00e9n felhaszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k a programot a v\u00edrus fel\u00fclet\u00e9n tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 t\u00fcskefeh\u00e9rj\u00e9k felt\u00e9rk\u00e9pez\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Baker a bejelent\u00e9st k\u00f6vet\u0151en a sajt\u00f3 k\u00e9pvisel\u0151inek adott telefoninterj\u00faban elmondta, hogy aludt, amikor a bizotts\u00e1g k\u00e9pvisel\u0151i felh\u00edvt\u00e1k, csak a feles\u00e9ge \u00f6r\u00f6mteli kiab\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9bredt fel. A professzor kiemelte, hogy ezek a programok nemcsak az \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nyekben el\u0151fordul\u00f3 feh\u00e9rj\u00e9k megfejt\u00e9s\u00e9re, hanem eddig ismeretlen funkci\u00f3j\u00fa feh\u00e9rj\u00e9k tervez\u00e9s\u00e9re is haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A tavalyi k\u00e9miai Nobelt az elektronika, kijelz\u0151k \u00e9s orvosi k\u00e9palkot\u00f3 berendez\u00e9sek j\u00f6v\u0151j\u00e9t jelent\u0151 kvantump\u00f6tty\u00f6k felfedez\u0151i \u00e9s kifejleszt\u0151i, Moungi Bawendi, Louis Brus \u00e9s Alekszej Jekimov kapt\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A 2024-es Nobel-d\u00edjak k\u00f6z\u00fcl h\u00e9tf\u0151n \u00e9s kedden az orvosi-\u00e9lettani \u00e9s fizikai kit\u00fcntetetteket hirdett\u00e9k ki. El\u0151bbi eset\u00e9ben az \u00e9lettan egy viszonylag k\u00e9s\u0151n felfedezett mechanizmusa, a mikro-RNS-rendszer felfedez\u0151i, Victor Ambros \u00e9s Gary Ruvkun kapt\u00e1k a d\u00edjat, m\u00edg a fizika ter\u00fclet\u00e9n a g\u00e9pi tanul\u00e1st megalapoz\u00f3 \u00e9s ezzel m\u00e1ra a tudom\u00e1ny m\u0171vel\u00e9s\u00e9ben is \u00faj fejezetet nyit\u00f3 John J. Hopfield \u00e9s Geoffrey E. Hinton \u00e9rdemelte ki a Nobel-plakettet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/hirado.hu\/extra\/tudomany-high-tech\/cikk\/2024\/10\/09\/a-kemiai-nobel-dijat-iden-a-feherjekkel-kapcsolatos-kutatasokert-iteltek-oda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(hirado.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A feh\u00e9rj\u00e9k aminosavakb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 v\u00e9gtelen\u00fcl bonyolult szerkezet\u00e9t kibogoz\u00f3 \u00e9s \u00faj feh\u00e9rj\u00e9ket tervez\u0151 mesters\u00e9ges intelligencia kapta a rangos tudom\u00e1nyos kit\u00fcntet\u00e9st id\u00e9n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":217744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,11,592,598,39],"tags":[1366267,1366268,1366266],"class_list":["post-217736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-kiemelt-tema","category-tarsadalom","category-tudomany","category-vilag","tag-david-baker","tag-denis-hassabis-john-m-jumper","tag-kemiai-nobel-dij"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=217736"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217736\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":217745,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217736\/revisions\/217745"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/217744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=217736"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=217736"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=217736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}