{"id":220371,"date":"2024-10-30T10:06:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-30T08:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=220371"},"modified":"2024-10-29T19:54:58","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T17:54:58","slug":"csaladtamogatasi-politikaval-lehetne-megforditani-a-katasztrofalis-ukran-szuletesi-ratat-demografus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=220371&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Csal\u00e1dt\u00e1mogat\u00e1si politik\u00e1val lehetne megford\u00edtani a katasztrof\u00e1lis ukr\u00e1n sz\u00fclet\u00e9si r\u00e1t\u00e1t \u2013 demogr\u00e1fus"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ukrajn\u00e1ban folytat\u00f3dnak a vit\u00e1k a sz\u00fclet\u00e9ssz\u00e1m fenntart\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l, ami hossz\u00fa ideje nem elegend\u0151 a stabil n\u00e9pess\u00e9gn\u00f6veked\u00e9shez, a h\u00e1bor\u00fas k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a probl\u00e9ma csak s\u00falyosbodott \u2013 jelentette ki kedden Olekszandr Hladun demogr\u00e1fus, az Ukr\u00e1n Nemzeti Tudom\u00e1nyos Akad\u00e9mia Demogr\u00e1fiai \u00e9s \u00c9letmin\u0151s\u00e9gi Probl\u00e9m\u00e1k Int\u00e9zet\u00e9nek igazgat\u00f3helyettese az <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/rus\/news\/chim-zagrozliva-situatsiya-narodzhuvanistyu-1730200327.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rbc.ua<\/a> h\u00edrport\u00e1l.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A jelent\u00e9s szerint a szakember elmondta, hogy Ukrajna lakoss\u00e1ga jelent\u0151sen cs\u00f6kkent az elm\u00falt 30 \u00e9vben, mindenekel\u0151tt a term\u00e9szetes n\u00e9pess\u00e9gfogy\u00e1s \u00e9s a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s folyamatok miatt. M\u00edg 1993 elej\u00e9n 52,2 milli\u00f3an \u00e9ltek Ukrajn\u00e1ban, addig 2022-re ez a sz\u00e1m 10 milli\u00f3val cs\u00f6kkent \u2013 tette hozz\u00e1. 1991-ben a hal\u00e1loz\u00e1si ar\u00e1ny meghaladta a sz\u00fclet\u00e9si ar\u00e1nyt, de a lakoss\u00e1gsz\u00e1mot tov\u00e1bbra is fenntartotta a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3, amikor sokan visszat\u00e9rtek Ukrajn\u00e1ba a Szovjetuni\u00f3 \u00f6sszeoml\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n \u2013 magyar\u00e1zta. A 2014-ben kit\u00f6rt h\u00e1bor\u00fa csak feler\u0151s\u00edtette a negat\u00edv demogr\u00e1fiai folyamatokat, 2022-t\u0151l pedig jelent\u0151sen romlott a helyzet \u2013 mutatott r\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"410\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/csaladtamogatas-demografia-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-220373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/csaladtamogatas-demografia-1.jpg 650w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/csaladtamogatas-demografia-1-300x189.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mint Hladun megjegyezte, a n\u00e9pess\u00e9g stabil szinten tart\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben sz\u00e1z n\u0151re k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 220 gyereknek kell jutnia. Ez a mutat\u00f3 azonban a h\u00e1bor\u00fa kezdete el\u0151tt csak 116 volt, most pedig m\u00e9g enn\u00e9l is alacsonyabb lehet \u2013 eml\u00e9keztetett.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A demogr\u00e1fus a gazdas\u00e1gi neh\u00e9zs\u00e9geket \u2013 az alacsony b\u00e9reket \u00e9s a lak\u00e1shi\u00e1nyt \u2013 nevezte meg az alacsony sz\u00fclet\u00e9ssz\u00e1m f\u0151 ok\u00e1nak. Az id\u0151forr\u00e1s is fontos, mert a n\u0151k att\u00f3l tartanak, hogy a szoci\u00e1lis szf\u00e9r\u00e1ban val\u00f3 akt\u00edv elfoglalts\u00e1guk miatt nem lesz idej\u00fck gyermeknevel\u00e9sre. A szoci\u00e1lis juttat\u00e1sok szint\u00e9n fontos t\u00e9nyez\u0151i a term\u00e9kenys\u00e9g t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1nak. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul Lengyelorsz\u00e1gban az \u00e1llam anyagi t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st ny\u00fajt a gyermek 18. \u00e9let\u00e9v\u00e9nek bet\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9ig \u2013 \u00e1ll\u00edtotta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A szakember \u00fagy v\u00e9lte, ha megfelel\u0151 felt\u00e9teleket teremtenek a n\u0151k \u00e9s a csal\u00e1dok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, Ukrajna el\u00e9rheti a 100 n\u0151re jut\u00f3 180 gyermeket, ami re\u00e1lis c\u00e9l. Az int\u00e9zked\u00e9si komplexum a szoci\u00e1lis infrastrukt\u00fara fejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9t, az \u00f3voda-b\u00f6lcs\u0151de h\u00e1l\u00f3zat b\u0151v\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t, az any\u00e1k rugalmas munkarendj\u00e9nek bevezet\u00e9s\u00e9t tartalmazza \u2013 tette hozz\u00e1. \u201eA csal\u00e1d int\u00e9zm\u00e9ny\u00e9nek meg\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e1llami priorit\u00e1ss\u00e1 kell tenni, mivel Ukrajna j\u00f6v\u0151je \u00e9s demogr\u00e1fiai kil\u00e1t\u00e1sai ezen m\u00falnak\u201d \u2013 hangs\u00falyozta Olekszandr Hladun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(vb\/rbc.ua)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;!&#8211; creatorid:bey5821&nbsp;&#8211;&gt;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ukrajn\u00e1ban folytat\u00f3dnak a vit\u00e1k a sz\u00fclet\u00e9ssz\u00e1m fenntart\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l, ami hossz\u00fa ideje nem elegend\u0151 a stabil n\u00e9pess\u00e9gn\u00f6veked\u00e9shez, a h\u00e1bor\u00fas k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a probl\u00e9ma csak s\u00falyosbodott \u2013 jelentette ki kedden Olekszandr Hladun.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":220373,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4000,41,11,592,33],"tags":[552735,34152,1398506],"class_list":["post-220371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actual-hu","category-cikkek","category-kiemelt-tema","category-tarsadalom","category-ukrajna","tag-demografiai-krizis","tag-szuletes","tag-ukran-nemzeti-tudomanyos-akademia-demografiai-es-eletminosegi-problemak-intezete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/220371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=220371"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/220371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":220376,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/220371\/revisions\/220376"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/220373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=220371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=220371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=220371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}