{"id":22331,"date":"2020-07-21T22:41:00","date_gmt":"2020-07-21T19:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=22331"},"modified":"2020-07-21T22:29:51","modified_gmt":"2020-07-21T19:29:51","slug":"magyar-kutatok-hoztak-letre-uj-halhibridet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=22331&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Magyar kutat\u00f3k hoztak l\u00e9tre \u00faj halhibridet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Nemzeti Agr\u00e1rkutat\u00e1si \u00e9s Innov\u00e1ci\u00f3s K\u00f6zpont (NAIK) Hal\u00e1szati Kutat\u00f3int\u00e9zete vezet\u00e9s\u00e9vel a tokf\u00e9l\u00e9ket vizsg\u00e1l\u00f3 kutat\u00f3csoport l\u00e9trehozta az amerikai lap\u00e1torr\u00fa tok \u00e9s az \u0151shonos v\u00e1g\u00f3tok \u00e9letk\u00e9pes hibridj\u00e9t. A felfedez\u00e9sr\u0151l besz\u00e1mol\u00f3 h\u00e9tf\u0151i k\u00f6zlem\u00e9ny szerint a kutat\u00f3k halgenetik\u00e1ban el\u00e9rt \u00faj eredm\u00e9nyei evol\u00faci\u00f3s \u00e9s g\u00e9nmeg\u0151rz\u00e9si szempontb\u00f3l egyar\u00e1nt nemzetk\u00f6zi jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u0171 felfedez\u00e9snek sz\u00e1m\u00edtanak.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/hibridhal.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22332\" width=\"268\" height=\"178\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kutat\u00e1sban a NAIK Hal\u00e1szati Kutat\u00f3int\u00e9zete mellett a keszthelyi Georgikon Kar Hal Laborat\u00f3riuma, a Debreceni Egyetem \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kara, a Szent Istv\u00e1n Egyetem Halgazd\u00e1lkod\u00e1si Tansz\u00e9ke \u00e9s a Nemzeti Biodiverzit\u00e1s- \u00e9s G\u00e9nmeg\u0151rz\u00e9si K\u00f6zpont Haszon\u00e1llat-g\u00e9nmeg\u0151rz\u00e9si Int\u00e9zete vett r\u00e9szt, emellett a projektet seg\u00edtette egy amerikai tokhal specialista is a Kentucky \u00c1llami Egyetemr\u0151l \u2013 k\u00f6z\u00f6lte a V\u00edzi\u00f3 Budapest Tudom\u00e1nykommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3s \u00dcgyn\u00f6ks\u00e9g h\u00e9tf\u0151n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kutat\u00f3k \u00fagynevezett induk\u00e1lt ginogenezis seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel szerettek volna ut\u00f3dokat l\u00e9trehozni a Duna v\u00edzrendszer\u00e9ben \u0151shonos, fokozottan vesz\u00e9lyeztetett v\u00e1g\u00f3tok egy ivar\u00e9rett g\u00e9nbanki egyed\u00e9t\u0151l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A besz\u00e1mol\u00f3 szerint a NAIK Hal\u00e1szati Kutat\u00f3int\u00e9zete tartja fenn Eur\u00f3pa egyik legnagyobb \u00e9s egyben legteljesebb \u00e9l\u0151 tokg\u00e9nbankj\u00e1t, amelynek kiemelt c\u00e9lja ezen vesz\u00e9lyeztetett fajok dunai popul\u00e1ci\u00f3inak g\u00e9nmeg\u0151rz\u00e9se \u00e9s rehabilit\u00e1ci\u00f3ja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az induk\u00e1lt ginogenezis m\u00f3dszere abban seg\u00edtheti a g\u00e9nmeg\u0151rz\u00e9s munk\u00e1j\u00e1t, hogy ebben az esetben egy ivar\u00e9rett anyai p\u00e9ld\u00e1ny is elegend\u0151 a szaporod\u00e1shoz, m\u00edg az apai vonal genetikai anyaga abban nem vesz r\u00e9szt, csup\u00e1n elind\u00edtja a zig\u00f3ta fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kutat\u00f3csoport az eredeti kutat\u00e1si c\u00e9lok el\u00e9r\u00e9se mellett meglep\u0151 eredm\u00e9nyre jutott, ugyanis a ginogenezis el\u0151id\u00e9z\u00e9s\u00e9re az amerikai lap\u00e1torr\u00fa tok sperm\u00e1j\u00e1t haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k, mivel az eddigi vizsg\u00e1latok szerint a k\u00e9t fajnak nem volt \u00e9letk\u00e9pes hibridje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"774\" height=\"479\" src=\"http:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/hibridhal-tok.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/hibridhal-tok.jpg 774w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/hibridhal-tok-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/hibridhal-tok-768x475.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A k\u00e9t faj 184 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt v\u00e1lt sz\u00e9t egym\u00e1st\u00f3l az evol\u00faci\u00f3 sor\u00e1n, \u00e9s az\u00f3ta a F\u00f6ld k\u00e9t k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 kontinens\u00e9n \u00e9lnek. A v\u00e1g\u00f3 tok a Fekete-tenger \u00e9s a Kaszpi-tenger v\u00edzgy\u0171jt\u0151j\u00e9nek \u0151shonos halfaja, m\u00edg a lap\u00e1torr\u00fa tok az \u00c9szak-amerikai kontinensen honos. Ennek ellen\u00e9re ebben a vizsg\u00e1latban nagysz\u00e1m\u00fa \u00e9letk\u00e9pes ut\u00f3d kelt ki, amelyek az\u00f3ta m\u00e1r 1-3 kilogrammos m\u00e9ret\u0171re n\u0151ttek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A felfedez\u00e9sr\u0151l besz\u00e1mol\u00f3 k\u00f6zlem\u00e9ny szerint a kutat\u00e1s eredm\u00e9nye nemzetk\u00f6zi jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u0171, mivel r\u00e1vil\u00e1g\u00edt a tokf\u00e9l\u00e9k lass\u00fa evol\u00faci\u00f3j\u00e1ra \u00e9s seg\u00edt meg\u00e9rteni hogyan is maradhatnak meg olyan \u00e9l\u0151 k\u00f6v\u00fcletek, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a tokf\u00e9l\u00e9k. G\u00e9nmeg\u0151rz\u00e9si szempontb\u00f3l fontos felismer\u00e9s, hogy a lap\u00e1torr\u00fa tok \u00e9s a v\u00e1g\u00f3 tok a term\u00e9szetben is k\u00e9pes lehet \u00e9letk\u00e9pes ut\u00f3dok l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra, \u00edgy amennyiben a f\u00f6ldrajzi elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00e9s b\u00e1rmilyen okb\u00f3l megsz\u0171nik, az a fajok adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3s k\u00e9pess\u00e9geinek f\u00fcggv\u00e9ny\u00e9ben vesz\u00e9lyeztetheti az \u0151shonos, kritikus helyzetben l\u00e9v\u0151 tokfajok popul\u00e1ci\u00f3inak fennmarad\u00e1s\u00e1t \u2013 \u00edrj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kutat\u00e1s ezen v\u00e9letlen eredm\u00e9nye olyan t\u00e9nyekre der\u00edtett f\u00e9nyt, ami az evol\u00faci\u00f3biol\u00f3giai \u00e9s genetikai kutat\u00e1sok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is \u00faj inform\u00e1ci\u00f3t jelent, azok \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9se pedig seg\u00edthet t\u00f6bb evol\u00faci\u00f3s \u00e9s genetikai folyamat meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9ben. A kutat\u00f3csoport tagjai ezt tartj\u00e1k legfontosabb eredm\u00e9ny\u00fcknek. A felfedez\u00e9st j\u00faliusban publik\u00e1lta a kutat\u00f3csoport a Genes c\u00edm\u0171 tudom\u00e1nyos foly\u00f3iratban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A cikk nagy nemzetk\u00f6zi \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9st v\u00e1ltott ki, t\u00f6bb jelent\u0151s sajt\u00f3org\u00e1num, k\u00f6zt\u00fck a New York Times Tudom\u00e1ny rovata, a Quanta Magazine \u00e9s az USA Today is interj\u00fat k\u00e9sz\u00edtett a kutat\u00f3kkal \u2013 olvashat\u00f3 a k\u00f6zlem\u00e9nyben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/hirado.hu\/tudomany-high-tech\/cikk\/2020\/07\/20\/eletkepes-halhibridet-hoztak-letre-magyar-kutatok\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(hirado.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A tokf\u00e9l\u00e9ket vizsg\u00e1l\u00f3 kutat\u00f3csoport l\u00e9trehozta az amerikai lap\u00e1torr\u00fa tok \u00e9s az \u0151shonos v\u00e1g\u00f3tok \u00e9letk\u00e9pes hibridj\u00e9t. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":22333,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,596,23,598,39],"tags":[13805,13806,13807],"class_list":["post-22331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-erdekes","category-fotok","category-tudomany","category-vilag","tag-halhibrid","tag-kitenyesztes","tag-magyar-kutatok"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22331\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/22333"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}