{"id":90594,"date":"2022-02-18T13:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-18T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=90594"},"modified":"2022-02-18T10:42:32","modified_gmt":"2022-02-18T08:42:32","slug":"meglepo-szerephez-juthat-a-hidrogenhajtasu-autokban-a-banan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/?p=90594&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Meglep\u0151 szerephez juthat a hidrog\u00e9nhajt\u00e1s\u00fa aut\u00f3kban a ban\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sv\u00e1jci kutat\u00f3k \u00e9rdekes felfedez\u00e9st tettek, ami fontos m\u00e9rf\u00f6ldk\u0151 lehet a\u00a0hidrog\u00e9nnel hajtott j\u00e1rm\u0171vek\u00a0szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l &#8211; \u00edrja a\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/green\/2022\/02\/01\/blasting-bananas-with-light-could-pave-the-way-for-more-eco-friendly-biomass\" target=\"_blank\">Euronews<\/a>. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/banan.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-90595\" srcset=\"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/banan.jpg 760w, https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/banan-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A h\u00edrcsatorna \u00e9rtes\u00fcl\u00e9sei szerint ugyanis a tud\u00f3sok r\u00e1j\u00f6ttek, hogy ha a ban\u00e1nh\u00e9jakat egy er\u0151s f\u00e9ny\u0171 l\u00e1mp\u00e1val kezelik, abb\u00f3l \u00e9rt\u00e9kes g\u00e1zok szabadulnak fel. K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen jelent\u0151s az \u00edgy kinyerhet\u0151 hidrog\u00e9n jelent\u0151s\u00e9ge, ugyanis a karbonsemlegess\u00e9g el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9hez a hidrog\u00e9ncell\u00e1s j\u00e1rm\u0171vek &#8211; \u00e9s m\u00e1s alkalmaz\u00e1sok, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul \u00e9p\u00fcletek f\u0171t\u00e9se-h\u0171t\u00e9se &#8211; elengedhetetlen lesz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az\u00a0Eur\u00f3pai Uni\u00f3 hidrog\u00e9nnel kapcsolatos el\u0151\u00edr\u00e1sai\u00a0szerint a g\u00e1zt &#8211; bizonyos fenntarthat\u00f3s\u00e1gi felt\u00e9telek teljes\u00fcl\u00e9se eset\u00e9n &#8211; el\u0151 lehet \u00e1l\u00edtani biomassz\u00e1b\u00f3l, azaz n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi \u00e9s \u00e1llati eredet\u0171 anyagokb\u00f3l. Ezzel kapcsolatban komoly probl\u00e9am, hogy a biomassza felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa rengeteg sz\u00e9n-dioxid kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1val is j\u00e1r, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul Magyarorsz\u00e1gon is, ahol a meg\u00fajul\u00f3 energiaforr\u00e1sok ar\u00e1nyaiba belesz\u00e1molj\u00e1k a biomassza felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t, ami jelent\u0151s r\u00e9szben a fa el\u00e9get\u00e9s\u00e9t jelenti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A sv\u00e1jci\u00a0\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL)\u00a0kutat\u00f3i azonban olyan megold\u00e1st tal\u00e1ltak , amelynek seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel gazdas\u00e1gos \u00e9s kl\u00edmasemleges m\u00f3dszerrel lehet el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtani a biomassz\u00e1b\u00f3l a hidrog\u00e9nt \u00e9s m\u00e1s mell\u00e9kterm\u00e9keket.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>&#8220;A kutat\u00e1sunk jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t er\u0151s\u00edti a t\u00e9ny, hogy [a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6k felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val] k\u00f6zvetve a l\u00e9gk\u00f6ri sz\u00e9n-dioxidot haszn\u00e1ljuk fel&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; \u00edrta k\u00f6zlem\u00e9ny\u00e9ben dr. Bhawna Nagar, az EPFL egyik szak\u00e9rt\u0151je.\u00a0<em>&#8220;Ezt pedig egy xenonl\u00e1mpa seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel hasznos v\u00e9gterm\u00e9kekk\u00e9 tudtuk alak\u00edtani.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A biomassza k\u00e9miai \u00e1talak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak jelenleg k\u00e9t m\u00f3dszere l\u00e9tezik, mindkett\u0151h\u00f6z h\u0151re van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g. Az els\u0151t pirol\u00edzisnek, a m\u00e1sikat gazifik\u00e1ci\u00f3nak h\u00edvj\u00e1k. El\u0151bbin\u00e9l oxig\u00e9nhi\u00e1nyos k\u00f6rnyezetben, 4-800 Celsius fok k\u00f6z\u00f6tti tartom\u00e1nyban bomlasztj\u00e1k a szerves anyagokat, m\u00edg az ut\u00f3bbin\u00e1l k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 1000 fokon \u00fagynevezett szing\u00e1zz\u00e1 &#8211; hidrog\u00e9n, met\u00e1n, sz\u00e9n-monoxid \u00e9s sz\u00e9n-dioxid kever\u00e9ke &#8211; alak\u00edtj\u00e1k, mell\u00e9kterm\u00e9kk\u00e9nt pedig biosz\u00e9n (biochar) keletkezik. Mindk\u00e9t megold\u00e1shoz az \u00f3ri\u00e1si h\u0151t \u00e9s nyom\u00e1st elvisel\u0151 bioreaktorokra, illetve viszonylag sok energi\u00e1ra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A sv\u00e1jci kutat\u00f3k \u00e1ltal kidolgozott foto-pirol\u00edzis sor\u00e1n azonban el\u00e9g egyetlen, p\u00e1r milliszekundumig tart\u00f3 villant\u00e1s egy er\u0151s f\u00e9ny\u0171 xenonl\u00e1mp\u00e1b\u00f3l, amely m\u00e1ris beind\u00edtja a biomassza \u00e1talak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges reakci\u00f3kat. Igaz, el\u0151tte a ban\u00e1nh\u00e9jakat 100 fokon, 24 \u00f3r\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl sz\u00e1r\u00edtj\u00e1k, majd finom porr\u00e1 \u0151rlik, miel\u0151tt al\u00e1vetik a xenonl\u00e1mp\u00e1s kezel\u00e9snek. Az \u00edgy kapott porb\u00f3l 14,5 milliszekundum f\u00e9nykezel\u00e9st k\u00f6vet\u0151en felszabadul a tiszta hidrog\u00e9ng\u00e1z, mell\u00e9kterm\u00e9kk\u00e9nt pedig ott marad a m\u00e1r eml\u00edtett biosz\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Egy kilogrammyni sz\u00e1r\u00edtott biomassz\u00e1b\u00f3l k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 100 liter hidrog\u00e9n \u00e9s 330 gramm biosz\u00e9n nyerhet\u0151 ki &#8211; mutatott r\u00e1 dr. Nagar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A biosz\u00e9n r\u00e1ad\u00e1sul a term\u0151f\u00f6ldbe keverve\u00a0jav\u00edtja a talaj min\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t, \u00edgy az \u00faj megold\u00e1ssal az eddigiekn\u00e9l sokkal k\u00f6rnyezetk\u00edm\u00e9l\u0151bb m\u00f3don lehet hidrog\u00e9nt el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtani. A m\u00f3dszer nem csak ban\u00e1nh\u00e9jjal, hanem kukoricacsutk\u00e1kkal,\u00a0k\u00e1v\u00e9zaccal\u00a0vagy k\u00f3kuszh\u00e9jjal is m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151k\u00e9pes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A sv\u00e1jci kutat\u00f3k c\u00e9lja, hogy az eddig laborat\u00f3riumi k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt elv\u00e9gzett k\u00eds\u00e9rleteket megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lj\u00e1k ipari l\u00e9pt\u00e9kben is reproduk\u00e1lni. Ha ez siker\u00fcl, akkor jelent\u0151s l\u00e9p\u00e9st tett\u00fcnk a z\u00f6ld hidrog\u00e9n fel\u00e9, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen, hogy a foto-pirol\u00edzishez elm\u00e9letben ak\u00e1r napenergi\u00e1t is fel lehet haszn\u00e1lni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Forr\u00e1s: zoldpalya.hu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A sv\u00e1jci\u00a0\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL)\u00a0kutat\u00f3i olyan megold\u00e1st tal\u00e1ltak , amelynek seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel gazdas\u00e1gos \u00e9s kl\u00edmasemleges m\u00f3dszerrel lehet el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtani a biomassz\u00e1b\u00f3l a hidrog\u00e9nt \u00e9s m\u00e1s mell\u00e9kterm\u00e9keket.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":90595,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,49,598],"tags":[19106,5487,27452,10010],"class_list":["post-90594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-hirek","category-tudomany","tag-hidrogenuzemu-uzemanyagcellas-hajtomu","tag-kornyezetvedelem","tag-tudomany","tag-tudomanyos-fejlesztes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=90594"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90594\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/90595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=90594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=90594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=90594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}